Class 8 ( VIII) Geography Chapter 3 ncert Solutions | Minerals and Power Resources ncert solutions
Class 8 Geography NCERT Solution of Chapter 3 { Minerals and Power Resources}
Answer the following questions.
(i) Name any three common minerals used by you every day?
Answer:
Ans : The three common Minerals used by us in everyday life are 1.Salt ( In food during cooking ) 2.Gold and silver. (As ornaments)
3. Copper ( In electronic equipments. Utensils etc.
(ii) What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
Ans: i) An Ore is the Mineral extracted from rock.
ii) Ores are metallic minerals and located in Igneous and metamorphic rocks.
(iii) Name two regions rich in natural gas resources?
Ans: Russia and Norway are two regions rich in natural gas resources.
(iv) Which sources of energy would you suggest for
(a) rural areas
(b) coastal areas
(c) Arid regions?
Ans: I will suggest the following sources of energy in the respective areas:
(a) In rural areas – coal, solar energy, bio-gas and firewood would be the best sources of energy.
(b) In coastal areas – we can produce energy by utilising wind power, and tidal power.
(C) In arid areas, geothermal powers and solar energy are the best choices of source of energy.
(v) Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
1 Switch off electric bulbs, fans when not in use.
2. Cooking food in Pressure cooker.
3. Prevent any possibility of leakages in the energy supply to the household.
4. Drying clothes outside of house in sunlight instead of Using washing machine and electric dryer.
5. We should minimise the use of machine at home which will reduce noise pollution, environment pollution by reducing the emission of Carbon dioxide.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are inexhaustible.
(d) Their distribution is uneven.
Answer: (c) They are inexhaustible
(ii) Which one of the following is NOT a producer of mica?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Karnataka
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Andhrapradesh
Answer (b) Karnataka
(iii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia
(b) Ghana
(c) Chile
(d) Zimbabwe
Answer (c) Chile
(iv)Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen.
(a) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it.
(b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
(c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.
Answer: (d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.
3. Give reasons.
(i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Answer:
a) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams because Construction of a huge dam causes large scale destruction of the natural habitats of plants and wild animals living in the area.
b) It creats imbalance in that areas eco system. So we should carefully looked into the environmental aspects.
(ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Answer:
Most Industries are concentrated around cola mine because:-
a. Coal is a best source of energy. Coal is used as a source of energy in many industries.
b. In some Industries coal is used as raw materials.
c. Presence of Industries near coal mines reduces the cost of transportation.
(iii) Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”.
Answer:
a. Petroleum is a thick black liquid and extremely valuable fossil fuel.
b. A variety of products that we use in our daily life like – kerosene, diesel, petrol, wax, plastics, lubricants, etc., are all produced from petroleum. Hence, it is also known as “black Gold”.
(iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Answer:
Quarrying is an extraction process by which minerals lying under the Earth's surface are uncovered. This process adversely influence the climate in an unexpected way.
The burrowing includes destroying of vegetations and the top soil, which contains the humus needed for plant development.
During the process of quarrying it creats noise pollution and due to dust emission air pollution also occurs.
Hence we can conclude, Quarrying can be a major environmental concern.
Distinguish between the following.
(i) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
Answer:
Conventional sources of energy | Non-conventional sources of energy | |
1. | Conventional sources are energy are the oldest form of energy and been in used for a long time. | Non conventional energy are the new form of energy used as the alternative sources of conventional energy. |
2. | They are exhaustible. We cannot re created it . | They are inexhaustible. We can re generate it again and again. |
3. | They cause large scale pollution. | They do not cause any type of pollution, thus are eco friendly. |
4. | Examples include firewood and fossil fuels. | Examples include solar energy, nuclear energy, wind energy, etc. |
(ii) Biogas and natural gas
Answer:
Biogas | Natural gas | |
1. | It is obtained from the decomposition of organic matter like dead plants, animal dung, kitchen waste, etc. | It is obtained as a by-product during the extraction of petroleum. |
2. | It is a renewable source of energy. | It is a non-renewable source of energy. |
3. | It pollutes the environment since it releases carbon dioxide in the air. | It is a clean fuel. |
4. | It is used for domestic purposes like cooking and lighting. | It is used for domestic purposes, in industries and also as a fuel to run vehicles. |
(iii) Ferrous and nonferrous minerals
Answer:
|
| Ferrous Mineral | Non-ferrous Mineral |
| 1. | Ferrous minerals are those minerals which contain iron. | Non-ferrous minerals are those which do not contain iron. |
| 2. | iron ore, manganese are the example of ferrous minerals. | gold, silver, copper, lead, are the examples of non ferrous minerals. |
(iv) Metallic and non-metallic minerals
Answer:
Metallic minerals | Non-metallic minerals | |
1. | A mineral containing metal in raw form is called a metallic mineral. | A mineral that does not contain metal is called a non-metallic mineral. |
2. | Bauxite and manganese are the example of Metallic minerals | limestone, mica , gypsum, coal and petroleum are the examples of non metallic minerals. |
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