CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT NCERT EXERCISES AND IMPORTANT ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS FOR EXAM

 CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER 1 RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT NCERT QUESTION ANSWER  |  EXTRA QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER

     

   

1. Multiple choice questions.

(i) Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?

(a) Renewable

(b) Biotic

(c) Flow

(d) Non-renewable

Answer. (d) Non-renewable

(ii) Under which of the following type of resource tidal energy cannot be put?

(a) Replenishable

(b) Human-made

(c) Abiotic

(d) Non-recyclable

Answer. (a) Replenishable

(iii) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?

(a) Intensive cultivation

(b) Deforestation

(c) Over irrigation

(d) Overgrazing

Answer. (c) Over irrigation

(iv) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?

(a) Punjab

(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh

(c) Haryana

(d) Uttarakhand

Answer. (d) Uttarakhand

(v) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?

(a) Jammu and Kashmir

(b) Maharashtra

(c) Rajasthan

(d) Jharkhand

Answer. (b) Maharashtra

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

Answer :   i)In Maharashtra, Madhyapradesh   and Gujarat black soils are found mostly. 

ii) Cotton mostly grown on black soils. 

(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

Answer :  i) In the river Deltas of the eastern coast  Alluvial soils is found. 

ii) The three main features of alluvial soils are -

     •  Alluvial soils are very fertile. 

     • It has high water retention capacity. 

     •  Alluvial soils contains potash, phosphoric acid and lime.  Which is best for growth of sugarcane paddy and wheat. 

(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?

Answer : In order to control soil erosion in the hilly areas following steps can be taken

i. Contour Ploughing 

ii. Terrace farming

iii. Shelter belt Plantation

(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.

Answer :   Biotic resources - Resources which we get from living organisms / which we obtains from biosphere are called Biotic resources. 

Ex- Animals, plants, insects, Human being etc. 

Abiotic resources - Abiotic resources are non living things in our environment. 

Ex - Air, water, soils, minerals etc. 

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words. 

(i)  Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-1961? 

Answer :   The land under forest not increased much since 1960-61 because

1.The land use pattern in India broadly divided as Agricultural land, Forest land , Barren and uncultivated waste land used for pasture and grazing purposes.  

   2.If we will talk about Forest land in India, it is much lower than the desired percentage of 33 as per National Forest policy (1952). 

3.As per available data of 2008-09  Only 22.78% covered with forest. 

4.It has not increased much because of growing population.People needs more numbers of houses to live and Industrialisation  urbanisation also brings only 4% increase in forest since 1960-61.

(ii)  How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources? 

Answer :  Technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources in the following ways:-

1. Technical and economic development requires more utilisation of natural resources, to use it as raw materials in Industries. 

2.  Technical advancement invented many Machineries which consume a lot of power energy to work. 

3. Technology also faster the process of mining and quarrying. 

4. Due to technology transportation system developed so that helps in mobility of resources. 

5. The development of technology also being increased in production of quality goods. 

6. Economic development contributed alot for urbanisation and modernisation. 

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          Exam Oriented  Assignment

                Question Answer

Q1)  Define the term Resources? 

Answer :  Resources are the things available in our surrounding which used to satisfy our needs, we can  consider a thing as resources when , 

        a. It is technologically accessible

        b. Economically feasible  and 

        c. Culturally acceptable. 

Q2) How nature, technology and institutions are interdependent? 

Answer:  Nature, technology and institutions are interdependent when human being interact with nature through technology and create institutions. 

Q3)  Is human being is a resource? If yes then why?

Answer:  Yes Human being is a resource because they transform material available in our environment into valuable products and use them. 

Q4)  Define National Resources with examples? 

Answer: National resources are the resources belongs to a Nation. The country has the legal power to acquire the private property for public goods. Examples- Minerals and wildlife, forest, water, land railways etc. 

Q5)  Whom did Gandhi ji consider responsible for the depletion of resources at the global level? 

Answer: Gandhi ji considered Greedy, selfish people responsible for depletion of resources at global level. Because too much exploitation of  nature led to Degradation of environment. 

Q6) What is sustainable development? 

Answer: Sustainable economic development means 'development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations'. 

Q7) What is Reserves? 

Answer: Reserves are the resources which can be put in use with the existence technology but yet not used and it is reserved for future uses.        Examples- Hydroelectricity can be generate from river water but currently it has limited uses. 

Q8) When and where was the first International Earth summit held? How many countries took participate? 

Answer : The First International Earth summit was held in June 1992 at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. In this Earth summit more than 100 countries took participate. 

Q9) What is Agenda 21? 

Answer : Agenda 21 is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. 

It aims at achieving global sustainable development.

Q10)  How much Forest should cover in the country as per 1952? 

Answer : As per 1952, 33 percent of  total geographical area should be covered with forest. 

Q11) " Resources are a function of human activities ".Justify this statement. 

Answer : Mere presence of resources, as free gift of nature, does not make them resources. Human beings are essential components of resources because they transform materials available in our environment into resources. The utility of resources depends on the stage of cultural development of man and the tools and technology used by him. 

Q12) What are the four basic classification of resources? 

Answer : The four basis classification of resources are as follow

I. On the basis of origin -Biotic and Abiotic. 

II  On the basis of Exhaustibility - renewable and non-renewable. 

III. On the basis of ownership - individual, community, national and international. 

IV. On the basis of status of development - potential, developed stock and reserves. 

Q13)  Highlight any three problems associated with the indiscriminate use of resources by the human being. 

Answer : The indiscriminate use of resources by the human beings has resulted in the  following : 

i) Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals. 

ii) Accumulation of resources in few hands which has  divided the society into rich and poor or have and have nots. 

iii) Indiscriminate exploitation of resources had led to global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation. 

         Thus, an equitable distribution of resources has become essential for a sustained quality of life and global peace. If the present trend of resources depletion by some individuals and countries continues, the future of our planet is in danger. 

Q14) Why are arid soils found to be non-productive? 

Answer:  Arid soils found to be non productive because:-

i) These soils are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. 

ii) In some areas, the salt content is very high and common salt is obtained by evaporating the water. 

iii) Due to dry climate, high temperature, evaporation is  faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture. 

iv) The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by kanker, which restricts the infiltration of water. 

Q15)  What were the  aims of Agenda 21 to achieve global sustainable development? 

Answer : The aims of Agenda 21 are :-

     i. It aims at achieving global sustainable development. 

     ii.  The agenda was to combat environmental damage, poverty and diseases. 

   iii. It can be achieved through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities. 

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