(Unit-2)
Chapter-6
"Liberty short notes"
Introduction:-
"Liberty" is an important concept in political science. The idea of liberty has made a tremendous Appeal to man. Nowadays also the battle of liberty is not silent, when ever and wherever individual suffer injustice and tyranny sonner or later they come forward to fight in the name of "Liberty".
A man clothed with liberty is a man . otherwise he is determined , a mere slave, an animal. Thus liberty and humanity are closely associated with eachother.
Meaning:
The term liberty was derived from the Latin word "liber" which means free.
There are two aspects of liberty :- (i) Negative aspects of liberty (ii) positive aspects of liberty which was defined below.
Negative aspects of liberty:-
The negative aspects of liberty implies absence of restrains it means that every individual in his private sphere of life should be complete by freeform any controler interference by either the state society or by any other individuals.
Positive aspects of liberty:-
(i) The positive concept of liberty doesn't accept liberty as mear absence of restrains.
(ii) It advocates the need of reasonable restrains for the enjoyment of liberty
(iii) It also advocates for providing adequate opportunities to the individual for the development of his personality.
(iv) The supporters of positive liberty argued that liberty is not simple absence of restrains but present of socio economic and political conditions for proper enjoyment of liberty.
To sum of positive liberty means the following:-
(i) Liberty is not absence from restrains.
(ii) Liberty means presence of reasonable restrains and absence of irrational restrains.
(iii) Liberty means postive opportunities for self development or development of human personality.
(iv) Socio economic equality is pre condition for realisaty of true liberty.
Types of liberty
1.)Natural liberty
(i) Natural liberty implies complete and absolute freedom of the individual. (ii) It is unrestricted freedom to think and act as one desire.
2.) Civil/personal liberty
(i) Personal liberty or civil liberty means "liberty of a man in a capacity of an individual person. (ii) Civil liberty consist of the right and privilege the state create for its subject.(iii) It is the liberty which a man enjoy as a member of civil society.
3.) Political liberty
(i) Political liberty also called constitutional liberty.(ii) Political liberty is enjoyed by the individual in the capacity of a citizen. (iii) It implies participation of people in the political process. (iv) Political liberty also includes right to vote,right to contest as a candidate in election, right of hold public office, right to criticize the government etc.
4.) Economic liberty
(i) Economic liberty seeks to provide opportunities to all the individual to get all the basic things of substance it means that every individual should have the capacity of securing his "Daily bread without having to depend on others will. (ii) Economic liberty consist in the individual right to work any to a minimum ways right to form union and right to provisions again old age seekness, unemployment accident and maturnity benefits.
5.) National liberty
The national liberty consist of :- (i) freedom of a nation to determine its internal and external policies without any external control. (ii) To organise ones own government or self government.(iii) To have a constitution of their own.
6.) International liberty
(i) International liberty covers the world as a hole. (ii) It implies renunciation of war policy of disarmament and limitation of an product and use of armament.
7.) Moral liberty
(i) Moral liberty is a great importance in the life of an individual. (ii) Moral liberty means the freedom to do things according to the dictates someone conscience.
Liberty is a multi-dimensional concept. There are different types of liberty but few of them we had discussed in the above points....
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